# The Eclipse Plugins

version 9.7.0-20260716014927+0000

The Eclipse plugins generate files that are used by the Eclipse IDE, thus making it possible to import the project into Eclipse (`File` - `Import…​` - `Existing Projects into Workspace`).

The `eclipse-wtp` is automatically applied whenever the `eclipse` plugin is applied to a War or Ear project. For utility projects (i.e. Java projects used by other web projects), you need to apply the `eclipse-wtp` plugin explicitly.

What exactly the `eclipse` plugin generates depends on which other plugins are used:

Table 1. Eclipse plugin behavior
Plugin | Description
--- | ---
None | Generates minimal `.project` file.
Java | Adds Java configuration to `.project`. Generates `.classpath` and JDT settings file.
Groovy | Adds Groovy configuration to `.project` file.
Scala | Adds Scala support to `.project` and `.classpath` files.
War | Adds web application support to `.project` file.
Ear | Adds ear application support to `.project` file.

The `eclipse-wtp` plugin generates all WTP settings files and enhances the `.project` file. If a Java or War is applied, `.classpath` will be extended to get a proper packaging structure for this utility library or web application project.

Both Eclipse plugins are open to customization and provide a standardized set of hooks for adding and removing content from the generated files.

## Usage

To use either the Eclipse or the Eclipse WTP plugin, include one of the lines in your build script.

Using the Eclipse plugin:

build.gradle.kts

    plugins {
        eclipse
    }

build.gradle

    plugins {
        id 'eclipse'
    }

Using the Eclipse WTP plugin:

build.gradle.kts

    plugins {
        `eclipse-wtp`
    }

build.gradle

    plugins {
        id 'eclipse-wtp'
    }

Note: Internally, the `eclipse-wtp` plugin also applies the `eclipse` plugin so you don’t need to apply both.

Both Eclipse plugins add a number of tasks to your projects. The main tasks that you will use are the `eclipse` and `cleanEclipse` tasks.

## Tasks

| The tasks listed in this section are deprecated and will be removed in Gradle 10. Modern versions of Eclipse import Gradle projects directly via Buildship without needing these generated files. The rest of the plugin — including the `eclipse { …​ }` DSL for customizing how the IDE understands your project — is not deprecated and continues to be consumed by Buildship during Gradle import. See the upgrade guide for details.

The Eclipse plugins add the tasks shown below to a project.

### Eclipse Plugin tasks

`eclipse` — Task

  Depends on: all Eclipse configuration file generation tasks

  Generates all Eclipse configuration files

`cleanEclipse` — Delete

  Depends on: all Eclipse configuration file clean tasks

  Removes all Eclipse configuration files

`cleanEclipseProject` — Delete

  Removes the `.project` file.

`cleanEclipseClasspath` — Delete

  Removes the `.classpath` file.

`cleanEclipseJdt` — Delete

  Removes the `.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs` file.

`eclipseProject` — GenerateEclipseProject

  Generates the `.project` file.

`eclipseClasspath` — GenerateEclipseClasspath

  Generates the `.classpath` file.

`eclipseJdt` — GenerateEclipseJdt

  Generates the `.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs` file.

### Eclipse WTP Plugin — additional tasks

`cleanEclipseWtpComponent` — Delete

  Removes the `.settings/org.eclipse.wst.common.component` file.

`cleanEclipseWtpFacet` — Delete

  Removes the `.settings/org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml` file.

`eclipseWtpComponent` — GenerateEclipseWtpComponent

  Generates the `.settings/org.eclipse.wst.common.component` file.

`eclipseWtpFacet` — GenerateEclipseWtpFacet

  Generates the `.settings/org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml` file.

## Configuration

Table 2. Configuration of the Eclipse plugins
Model | Reference name | Description
--- | --- | ---
EclipseModel | `eclipse` | Top level element that enables configuration of the Eclipse plugin in a DSL-friendly fashion.
EclipseProject | `eclipse.project` | Allows configuring project information
EclipseClasspath | `eclipse.classpath` | Allows configuring classpath information.
EclipseJdt | `eclipse.jdt` | Allows configuring jdt information (source/target Java compatibility).
EclipseWtpComponent | `eclipse.wtp.component` | Allows configuring wtp component information only if `eclipse-wtp` plugin was applied.
EclipseWtpFacet | `eclipse.wtp.facet` | Allows configuring wtp facet information only if `eclipse-wtp` plugin was applied.

## Customizing the generated files

The Eclipse plugins allow you to customize the generated metadata files. The plugins provide a DSL for configuring model objects that model the Eclipse view of the project. These model objects are then merged with the existing Eclipse XML metadata to ultimately generate new metadata. The model objects provide lower level hooks for working with domain objects representing the file content before and after merging with the model configuration. They also provide a very low level hook for working directly with the raw XML for adjustment before it is persisted, for fine tuning and configuration that the Eclipse and Eclipse WTP plugins do not model.

### Merging

Sections of existing Eclipse files that are also the target of generated content will be amended or overwritten, depending on the particular section. The remaining sections will be left as-is.

#### Disabling merging with a complete rewrite

To completely rewrite existing Eclipse files, execute a clean task together with its corresponding generation task, like “gradle cleanEclipse eclipse” (in that order). If you want to make this the default behavior, add “tasks.eclipse.dependsOn(cleanEclipse)” to your build script. This makes it unnecessary to execute the clean task explicitly.

This strategy can also be used for individual files that the plugins would generate. For instance, this can be done for the “.classpath” file with “gradle cleanEclipseClasspath eclipseClasspath”.

### Hooking into the generation lifecycle

The Eclipse plugins provide objects modeling the sections of the Eclipse files that are generated by Gradle. The generation lifecycle is as follows:

1. The file is read; or a default version provided by Gradle is used if it does not exist

2. The `beforeMerged` hook is executed with a domain object representing the existing file

3. The existing content is merged with the configuration inferred from the Gradle build or defined explicitly in the eclipse DSL

4. The `whenMerged` hook is executed with a domain object representing contents of the file to be persisted

5. The `withXml` hook is executed with a raw representation of the XML that will be persisted

6. The final XML is persisted

#### Advanced configuration hooks

The following list covers the domain object used for each of the Eclipse model types:

EclipseProject

  - `beforeMerged { Project arg -> …​ }`

  - `whenMerged { Project arg -> …​ }`

  - `withXml { XmlProvider arg -> …​ }`

EclipseClasspath

  - `beforeMerged { Classpath arg -> …​ }`

  - `whenMerged { Classpath arg -> …​ }`

  - `withXml { XmlProvider arg -> …​ }`

EclipseWtpComponent

  - `beforeMerged { WtpComponent arg -> …​ }`

  - `whenMerged { WtpComponent arg -> …​ }`

  - `withXml { XmlProvider arg -> …​ }`

EclipseWtpFacet

  - `beforeMerged { WtpFacet arg -> …​ }`

  - `whenMerged { WtpFacet arg -> …​ }`

  - `withXml { XmlProvider arg -> …​ }`

EclipseJdt

  - `beforeMerged { Jdt arg -> …​ }`

  - `whenMerged { Jdt arg -> …​ }`

  - `withProperties { arg -> }` argument type ⇒ `java.util.Properties`

#### Partial overwrite of existing content

A complete overwrite causes all existing content to be discarded, thereby losing any changes made directly in the IDE. Alternatively, the `beforeMerged` hook makes it possible to overwrite just certain parts of the existing content. The following example removes all existing dependencies from the `Classpath` domain object:

Example 1. Partial Overwrite for Classpath
build.gradle.kts

    import org.gradle.plugins.ide.eclipse.model.Classpath

    eclipse.classpath.file {
        beforeMerged(Action<Classpath> {
            entries.removeAll { entry -> entry.kind == "lib" || entry.kind == "var" }
        })
    }

build.gradle

    eclipse.classpath.file {
        beforeMerged { classpath ->
            classpath.entries.removeAll { entry -> entry.kind == 'lib' || entry.kind == 'var' }
        }
    }

The resulting `.classpath` file will only contain Gradle-generated dependency entries, but not any other dependency entries that may have been present in the original file. (In the case of dependency entries, this is also the default behavior.) Other sections of the `.classpath` file will be either left as-is or merged. The same could be done for the natures in the `.project` file:

build.gradle.kts

    import org.gradle.plugins.ide.eclipse.model.Project

    eclipse.project.file.beforeMerged(Action<Project> {
        natures.clear()
    })

build.gradle

    eclipse.project.file.beforeMerged { project ->
        project.natures.clear()
    }

#### Modifying the fully populated domain objects

The `whenMerged` hook allows to manipulate the fully populated domain objects. Often this is the preferred way to customize Eclipse files. Here is how you would export all the dependencies of an Eclipse project:

build.gradle.kts

    import org.gradle.plugins.ide.eclipse.model.AbstractClasspathEntry
    import org.gradle.plugins.ide.eclipse.model.Classpath

    eclipse.classpath.file {
        whenMerged(Action<Classpath> { ->
            entries.filter { entry -> entry.kind == "lib" }
                .forEach { (it as AbstractClasspathEntry).isExported = false }
        })
    }

build.gradle

    eclipse.classpath.file {
        whenMerged { classpath ->
            classpath.entries.findAll { entry -> entry.kind == 'lib' }*.exported = false
        }
    }

#### Modifying the XML representation

The `withXml` hook allows to manipulate the in-memory XML representation just before the file gets written to disk. Although Groovy’s XML support and Kotlin’s extension functions make up for a lot, this approach is less convenient than manipulating the domain objects. In return, you get total control over the generated file, including sections not modeled by the domain objects.

build.gradle.kts

    import org.w3c.dom.Element

    eclipse.wtp.facet.file.withXml(Action<XmlProvider> {
        fun Element.firstElement(predicate: Element.() -> Boolean) =
            childNodes
                .run { (0 until length).map(::item) }
                .filterIsInstance<Element>()
                .first { it.predicate() }

        asElement()
            .firstElement { tagName === "fixed" && getAttribute("facet") == "jst.java" }
            .setAttribute("facet", "jst2.java")
    })

build.gradle

    eclipse.wtp.facet.file.withXml { provider ->
        provider.asNode().fixed.find { it.@facet == 'jst.java' }.@facet = 'jst2.java'
    }

## Separation of test classpath entries

Eclipse defines only one classpath per project which implies limitations on how Gradle projects can be mapped. Eclipse 4.8 introduced the concept of test sources. This feature allows the Eclipse plugin to define better separation between test and non-test sources.

The Eclipse classpath consists of classpath entries: source directories, jar files, project dependencies, etc. Each classpath entry can have a list of classpath attributes, where the attributes are string key-value pairs. There are two classpath attribute relevant for test sources: `test` and `without_test_code`, both of which can have `true` or `false` as values.

If a source directory has the `test=true` classpath attribute then the contents are considered test sources. Test sources have access to non-test sources, but non-test sources don’t have access to test sources. Similarly, test sources can only reference classes from a jar file if the jar file has the `test=true` classpath attribute. For project dependencies if the `test=true` attribute is present the classes in the target project are visible to test sources. If the `without_test_code=false` attribute is present then the test sources of the target project are also accessible. By default, test code is not available (which can be thought of as implicitly having `without_test_code=true`).

The following rules apply for the test attribute declaration when generating the Eclipse classpath:

- Source sets and dependency configurations are categorized as test if their name contain the 'test' substring, irrespective of case.

- All source sets and dependency configurations defined by the JVM test suite plugin are categorized as test.

- Source directories have the `test=true` classpath attribute if the container source set is a test source set.

- Jar files and project dependencies have the `test=true` attribute if they are present only in test dependency configurations.

- Project dependencies have the `without_test_sources=false` attribute if the target project applies the java-test-fixtures plugin.

You can customize the test source sets and configurations:

build.gradle.kts

    eclipse {
        classpath {
            testSourceSets = testSourceSets.get() + setOf(integTest)
            testConfigurations = testConfigurations.get() + setOf(functional)
        }
    }

build.gradle

    eclipse {
        classpath {
            testSourceSets = testSourceSets.get() + [sourceSets.integTest]
            testConfigurations = testConfigurations.get() + [configurations.functional]
        }
    }

| Consider migrating away from manual definition of additional test source sets and towards the use of the JVM Test Suite Plugin in scenarios like this.

You can also customize if a project should expose test sources to upstream project dependencies via the `containsTestFixtures` property.

build.gradle.kts

    eclipse {
        classpath {
            containsTestFixtures = true
        }
    }

build.gradle

    eclipse {
        classpath {
            containsTestFixtures = true
        }
    }

Note, that this configuration also applies to the classpath of Buildship projects.